Dhibaatooyinka deegaanka ee ay sababto qashin-qubka aan habboonayn ee balaastikada ayaa noqday kuwo aad u caan ah, waxayna noqdeen mawduuc aad u kulul oo walaac caalami ah laga qabo. Marka la barbar dhigo balaastikada caadiga ah, muuqaalka ugu weyn ee balaastikada nooluhu waa in ay si degdeg ah u hoos u dhigi karaan biyo aan waxyeello lahayn deegaanka iyo kaarboon laba ogsaydh hoos yimaada xaaladaha deegaanka dabiiciga ah ama xaaladaha bacriminta, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa sidii alaabta beddelka caaga ah ee la tuuri karo ee aan dib loo warshadayn karin iyo wasakhowga u nugul. alaabta, taas oo muhiimad weyn u leh horumarinta deegaanka deegaanka iyo hagaajinta tayada nolosha.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, badeecooyin badan oo suuqa yaala ayaa lagu daabacaa ama lagu calaamadeeyaa "Degradable", "biodegradable", maantana waxaan ku qaadan doonaa inaad fahamto calaamadaynta iyo caddaynta caagadaha noolaha.
Composting warshadaha
1.Japan BioPlastics Association
Jaaliyaddii hore ee caagagga noolaha, Japan (BPS) waxay magaca u bedeshay Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) markay ahayd 15th ee Juun 2007. Ururka Jaban BioPlastics Association (JBPA) waxaa la aasaasay 1989 Japan oo ah magaca Ururka Caagadaha Biyodegradable, Japan (BPS). Tan iyo markaas, oo leh in ka badan 200 oo shirkadood oo xubin ka ah, JBPA waxay samaynaysay dadaallo badan si kor loogu qaado aqoonsiga iyo horumarinta ganacsiga "Balaastigga biodegradable" iyo "Balaastig ku salaysan Biyomass" ee Japan. JBPA waxay ku haysaa saldhig iskaashi dhow oo ay la leedahay US (BPI), EU (European Bioplastics), Shiinaha (BMG) iyo Kuuriya waxayna sii waddaa wadahadalka iyaga oo ku saabsan waxyaabo farsamo oo kala duwan, sida habka Analytical si loo qiimeeyo biodegradability, qeexida alaabta, aqoonsiga iyo habka calaamadaynta iwm. Waxaan u maleyneynaa in xiriirka dhow ee aagga Aasiya uu yahay kan ugu muhiimsan gaar ahaan ku xiran dhaqdhaqaaqa horumarka degdegga ah ee meelahan.
2.Machadka wax soo saarka noolaha
BPI waa maamulka hogaaminaya badeecooyinka la burburin karo iyo baakadaha Waqooyiga Ameerika. Dhammaan badeecooyinka ay shahaado siiso BPI waxay la kulmaayaan heerarka ASTM ee isku-darka, waxay ku xiran yihiin shuruudaha u-qalmitaanka ee xiriirka ka dhexeeya qashinka cuntada iyo jar-jarrada dayrka, waxay la kulmaan xaddidaadda wadarta fluorine (PFAS), waana inay muujiyaan Calaamadda Shahaadada BPI. Barnaamijka shahaadada BPI waxa uu la shaqeeyaa waxbarashada iyo dadaallada u doodista ee loogu talagalay in lagu caawiyo ka ilaalinta qashinka cuntada iyo waxyaalaha kale ee organic ka baxsan qashinka.
BPI waxaa loo habeeyey sidii urur aan faa'iido doon ahayn oo xubin ka ah, waxaana maamula guddi maamul, waxaana ka shaqeeya shaqaale u go'ay oo ka shaqeeya xafiisyada guriga ee Maraykanka oo dhan.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
DIN waa hay'adda jaangooyooyinka ay aqoonsan tahay Dowladda Federaalka Jarmalka waxayna u taagan tahay Jarmalka hay'adaha aan dawliga ahayn ee heer-goboleedka iyo kuwa caalamiga ah ee horumariya oo daabaca heerarka Jarmalka iyo natiijooyinka kale ee jaangooyooyinka korna u qaada codsigooda. Heerarka ay soo saartay DIN waxay daboolayaan ku dhawaad goob kasta sida injineernimada dhismaha, macdanta, birta, warshadaha kiimikada, injineernimada korantada, tignoolajiyada badbaadada, ilaalinta deegaanka, caafimaadka, ilaalinta dabka, gaadiidka, ilaalinta guriga iyo wixii la mid ah. Dhammaadkii 1998kii, 25,000 heerar ayaa la sameeyay oo la soo saaray, iyadoo ilaa 1,500 heerar la sameeyay sannad kasta. In ka badan 80% ka mid ah waxaa qaatay wadamada Yurub.
DIN waxay ku biirtay Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Halbeega 1951. Komishanka Farsamada Farsamada ee Jarmalka (DKE), oo ay si wadajir ah u sameeyeen DIN iyo Machadka Jarmalka ee Injineerada Korontada (VDE), waxay u taagan yihiin Jarmalka Guddiga Farsamada Korontada ee Caalamiga ah. DIN sidoo kale waa Guddiga Yurub ee Habaynta iyo Heerarka Korontada Yurub.
4.European Bioplastics
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) iyo European Bioplastics (EUBP) waxay bilaabeen nidaam shahaado ah oo loogu talagalay agabka noolaha, oo badanaa loo yaqaan shahaadada astaanta Seedling. Shahaadadu waxay ku saleysan tahay heerarka EN 13432 iyo ASTM D6400 ee agabka sida alaabta ceeriin, wax lagu daro iyo dhex dhexaadinta iyadoo loo marayo diiwaangelinta qiimeynta, iyo alaabada habka shahaado. Alaabta iyo badeecadaha la diwaan galiyay ee la shahaadeeyay waxay heli karaan calaamado shahaado ah.
5.Ururka Bioplastics Australasia
ABA waxay u heellan tahay inay kor u qaaddo balaastiigyada la burburin karo oo ku saleysan kheyraadka dib loo cusboonaysiin karo.
ABA waxay maamushaa nidaamka xaqiijinta ikhtiyaariga ah, shirkadaha ama shakhsiyaadka doonaya in la xaqiijiyo sheegashadooda u hoggaansanaanta heerka Australiyaanka 4736-2006, balaastikada nooledegradable - "Balaastig noole ah oo ku habboon bacriminta iyo daaweynta kale ee microbial" (Heerka Australiya AS 4736-2006) .
ABA waxa ay bilawday nidaamkeeda xaqiijinta ee shirkadaha doonaya in ay xaqiijiyaan u hogaansanaanta Guriga Composting Australian Standard, AS 5810-2010, "Balaastig noole ah oo ku haboon in guriga lagu sameeyo" (Standarka Australiya AS 5810-2010).
Ururku wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii goob isgaarsiineed oo loogu talagalay warbaahinta, dawladda, ururada deegaanka iyo dadweynaha, arrimaha la xiriira bioplastics.
Warshad OK Compost waxay ku haboontahay alaabada noole rogrogmi karta ee loo isticmaalo bay'ada warshadaha sida goobaha waaweyn ee bacriminta. Calaamaddu waxay u baahan tahay alaabtu inay qudhunto ugu yaraan 90 boqolkiiba 12 toddobaad gudahood marka la eego xaaladaha bacriminta warshadaha.
Waa in la ogaadaa in inkasta oo OK Compost HOME iyo OK Compost COMpost ay labaduba tilmaamayaan in alaabtu ay tahay mid noole, baaxadda codsigooda iyo shuruudaha caadiga ahi way kala duwan yihiin, markaa alaabtu waa inay doorataa calaamad buuxinaysa muuqaalka dhabta ah ee isticmaalka iyo baahida shahaado. . Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa xusid mudan in labadan calaamadood ay yihiin oo kaliya shahaadada waxqabadka biodegradable ee sheyga laftiisa, oo aan matalin qiiqa wasakhaysan ama waxqabadka kale ee deegaanka ee alaabta, sidaas darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo guud ahaan deegaanka. saamaynta alaabta iyo daaweynta macquulka ah.
Guri-bacriminta
1.TUV AUSTRIA OK Compost
Guriga OK Compost wuxuu ku habboon yahay badeecooyinka noolaha ee loo isticmaalo deegaanka gudaha, sida goynta la tuuri karo, bacaha qashinka, iwm. Calaamaddu waxay u baahan tahay alaabtu inay qudhmiso ugu yaraan 90 boqolkiiba lix bilood gudahooda iyadoo la raacayo xaaladaha bacriminta guriga.
2.Ururka Bioplastics Australasia
Haddii balaastiig lagu calaamadiyay Guriga Compostable, markaas waxay geli kartaa weelka qashinka ah ee guriga.
Alaabooyinka, bacaha iyo baakadaha u hogaansama Composting-ka Guriga Australia Standard AS 5810-2010 oo ay xaqiijiyaan Ururka Bioplastics Association Australia waxa lagu taageeri karaa calaamada ABA Home Composting.Heerka Australiya AS 5810-2010 wuxuu daboolayaa shirkadaha iyo shakhsiyaadka doonaya inay xaqiijiyaan sheegashadooda u hoggaansanaanta balaastikada Biodegradable ee ku habboon qashinka guriga.
Astaanta Nafaqaynta Guriga waxay hubisaa in alaabtan iyo alaabtan si fudud loo aqoonsan karo oo qashinka cuntada ama qashinka dabiiciga ah ee ku jira alaabtan la xaqiijiyay si fudud loo kala saari karo loogana leexin karo qashinka.
3.Deutsches Institut für Normung
Saldhigga imtixaannada DIN waa heerka NF T51-800 "Caagagga - Tilmaamaha balaastigga guriga. Haddii alaabtu si guul leh uga gudubto imtixaannada khuseeya, dadku waxay isticmaali karaan calaamadda "DIN Tested - Garden Compostable" oo ku taal badeecadaha khuseeya iyo isgaarsiinta shirkaddaada. Markaad caddaynayso suuqyada Australia iyo New Zealand (Australasia) sida waafaqsan heerka AS 5810 , DIN CERTCO waxay la shaqeysaa Ururka Australiyaanka Bioplastics (ABA) iyo nidaamka shahaado bixinta halkaas. Gaar ahaan suuqa Ingiriiska, DIN waxay la shaqeysaa Hubinta Tamarta Dib-u-cusboonaysiinta (REAL) iyo nidaamka shahaadaynta halkaas sida waafaqsan NF T 51-800 iyo AS 5810.
Xagga sare waa horudhac kooban oo calaamad kasta oo shahaado-xumada noolaha ah.
Haddii ay dhibaato jirto, fadlan nala soo xidhiidh.
Feel free to discuss with William: williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Baakadaha Biodegradable - HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-28-2023